Head injury

Head injuries are among the most common causes of death and disability in the usa. Every year, almost one fourth million people are hospitalized due to traumatic injuries towards the brain, and 50,000 people die. Too, 80-90,000 people sustain long-term or lifelong disabilities due to a brain injury every year. Children are not excluded, using more than 2,500 deaths and almost one half million emergency department visits each year for head injuries.
Blows towards the head most often cause brain injury, you should remember that the face and jaw can be found in the front of the head. Brain injury can also be associated with injuries to those structures. It is also worth noting that a head injury doesn't imply that there is also a brain injury.
The mind is a rather soft, pliable material almost jelly-like in feel, and it is surrounded by a thin layer of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The mind is surrounded by thin layers of tissue known as the meninges; 1) the pia mater, 2) the arachnoid mater, and three) the dura mater. The CSF exists in the space underneath the arachnoid layer called the subarachnoid space.
The dura mater is extremely thick and has septae, or partitions, which help support the brain within the skull. The septae affix to the inner lining from the bones of the skull. The dura mater likewise helps support the large veins that return blood in the brain to the heart.
The spaces between your meninges are usually very small however they can fill with blood when trauma occurs, which build-up of blood could possibly press into the brain tissue and cause harm.
The skull protects the mind from trauma however it does not absorb the impact from a blow. Direct blows could cause fractures of the skull; there might be a contusion or bruising and bleeding towards the brain tissue directly underneath the injury site. However, the mind can bounce around within the skull if it is susceptible to significant force and due to this, the brain injury might not necessarily be located underneath the trauma site. A contre-coup injury describes the problem in which the initial blow causes the mind to bounce and it is damaged by striking the skull directly opposite the trauma site. Acceleration/deceleration and rotation would be the common types of forces that induce injuries away from the part of the skull that received the trauma.
reasons for a head injury
Obviously, trauma is required to result in a head injury, but that trauma doesn't necessarily need to be violent. Falling down several steps or falling right into a hard object might be enough to cause damage. Automobile crashes account for a lot more than 50% of traumatic brain injuries, with sports related injuries adding another 20%. Almost 80% of head injuries exist in males.
Penetrating head injuries describe those situations where the injury occurs as a result of projectile, for example a bullet, or when an item is impaled though the skull in to the brain. Closed head injuries make reference to injuries in which no lacerations exist.


Head trauma Symptoms

It is important to keep in mind that a head injury might have different symptoms and signs, which range from a patient experiencing no initial symptoms to coma.
A higher index of suspicion that the head injury may exist is essential, depending upon the mechanism of damage and the initial symptoms displayed through the patient. Being unconscious, for a short period of time isn't normal. Prolonged confusion, seizures, and multiple instances of vomiting should be signs that prompt medical assistance is needed.
In some situations, concussion-type symptoms could be missed. Patients can experience difficulty concentrating, increased moodiness, lethargy or aggression, and altered sleep habits among other symptoms. Medical evaluation is definitely wise even well following the injury has occured.
Head trauma symptoms may also include:
• vomiting,
• difficulty tolerating bright lights,
• leaking CSF in the ear or nose,
• bleeding in the ear ,
• speech difficulty,
• paralysis,
• difficulty swallowing, and
• numbness from the body.
Other symptoms might be more subtle and can include:
• nausea,
• dizziness,
• irritability,
• difficulty concentrating and thinking, and
• amnesia.
Late signs and symptoms of significant head injury and raised pressure inside the brain and skull incorporate a dilated pupil, high blood pressure, low pulse rate, and abnormal respiratory rate.

Signs of Head injury include:

• confusion
• depression
• dizziness or balance problems
• double or fuzzy vision
• feeling foggy or groggy
• feeling sluggish or tired
• headache
• memory loss
• nausea
• sensitivity to light or noise
• sleep disturbance
• trouble concentrating